Table 6 - Optimization of the citric acid production by Aspergillus niger through a metabolic flux balance model

Table 6. Effects on the A. niger idiophase synthesis and excretion citrate rates to changes in different metabolic processes.

Process	Perturbation Magnitude (%)	Expected Response ^(a) (%)
		Citrate Synthesis		Direct Citrate Excretion	Net Effect
		Carbon Availability	ATP Availability	Direct Citrate Excretion	Net Effect
Glucose uptake (R1)	+100	+140	+ 280	-93	+ 47
Glycerol-P Phosphatase (R11)	-100	+5.4	Null	-3.6	+1.8
R5P Reductase (R4)	-100	+1.9	Null	-1.3	+0.6
G6P-DH (R2)	-100	+12	Null	Null
R8	-100	-83	Null	+ 78
R16	+100	Null	+700	Null
ATP/ADP Carrier (R21)	-10		Null	+29
Cytoplasmatic H⁺-ATPase (R19)	-10	Null	+155	-34
Mitochondrial H⁺-ATPase (R20)	-10	Null	+116	+45
P_i Carrier (R22)	+100	Null		+333

^(a)Calculated as (D R_optimized/R_optimized) 100 [dLn(R_optimized)/ dLn(R_perturbated)].(D R_perturbated/R_perturbated)·100

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